matrix/inverse-matrix.hpp

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• Last update: 2024-05-03 21:06:15+09:00
• Include: #include "matrix/inverse-matrix.hpp"

Depends on

• matrix/gauss-elimination.hpp

Required by

• P-recursiveの高速計算 (fps/find-p-recursive.hpp)
• 行列木定理(ラプラシアン行列) (matrix/matrix-tree.hpp)
• 行列ライブラリ (matrix/matrix.hpp)
• 多項式行列の行列式 (matrix/polynomial-matrix-determinant.hpp)
• 多項式行列のprefix product (matrix/polynomial-matrix-prefix-prod.hpp)

Verified with

• verify/verify-unit-test/bigint-gcd.test.cpp
• verify/verify-unit-test/debug.test.cpp
• verify/verify-unit-test/gauss-elimination.test.cpp
• verify/verify-unit-test/inverse-matrix.test.cpp
• verify/verify-unit-test/multipoint-binomial-sum.test.cpp
• verify/verify-unit-test/p-recursive.test.cpp
• verify/verify-unit-test/polynomial-matrix-prod.test.cpp
• verify/verify-yosupo-fps/yosupo-factorial-p-recursive.test.cpp
• verify/verify-yosupo-math/yosupo-determinant-matrixlib.test.cpp
• verify/verify-yosupo-math/yosupo-inverse-matrix.test.cpp
• verify/verify-yosupo-math/yosupo-pow-of-matrix.test.cpp
• verify/verify-yuki/yuki-1303.test.cpp
• verify/verify-yuki/yuki-1533.test.cpp

Code

#pragma once

#include "gauss-elimination.hpp"

template <typename mint>
vector<vector<mint>> inverse_matrix(const vector<vector<mint>>& a) {
  int N = a.size();
  assert(N > 0);
  assert(N == (int)a[0].size());

  vector<vector<mint>> m(N, vector<mint>(2 * N));
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    copy(begin(a[i]), end(a[i]), begin(m[i]));
    m[i][N + i] = 1;
  }

  auto [rank, det] = GaussElimination(m, N, true);
  if (rank != N) return {};

  vector<vector<mint>> b(N);
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    copy(begin(m[i]) + N, end(m[i]), back_inserter(b[i]));
  }
  return b;
}

#line 2 "matrix/inverse-matrix.hpp"

#line 2 "matrix/gauss-elimination.hpp"

#include <utility>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

// {rank, det(非正方行列の場合は未定義)} を返す
// 型が double や Rational でも動くはず？(未検証)
//
// pivot 候補 : [0, pivot_end)
template <typename T>
std::pair<int, T> GaussElimination(vector<vector<T>> &a, int pivot_end = -1,
                                   bool diagonalize = false) {
  if (a.empty()) return {0, 1};
  int H = a.size(), W = a[0].size(), rank = 0;
  if (pivot_end == -1) pivot_end = W;
  T det = 1;
  for (int j = 0; j < pivot_end; j++) {
    int idx = -1;
    for (int i = rank; i < H; i++) {
      if (a[i][j] != T(0)) {
        idx = i;
        break;
      }
    }
    if (idx == -1) {
      det = 0;
      continue;
    }
    if (rank != idx) det = -det, swap(a[rank], a[idx]);
    det *= a[rank][j];
    if (diagonalize && a[rank][j] != T(1)) {
      T coeff = T(1) / a[rank][j];
      for (int k = j; k < W; k++) a[rank][k] *= coeff;
    }
    int is = diagonalize ? 0 : rank + 1;
    for (int i = is; i < H; i++) {
      if (i == rank) continue;
      if (a[i][j] != T(0)) {
        T coeff = a[i][j] / a[rank][j];
        for (int k = j; k < W; k++) a[i][k] -= a[rank][k] * coeff;
      }
    }
    rank++;
  }
  return make_pair(rank, det);
}
#line 4 "matrix/inverse-matrix.hpp"

template <typename mint>
vector<vector<mint>> inverse_matrix(const vector<vector<mint>>& a) {
  int N = a.size();
  assert(N > 0);
  assert(N == (int)a[0].size());

  vector<vector<mint>> m(N, vector<mint>(2 * N));
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    copy(begin(a[i]), end(a[i]), begin(m[i]));
    m[i][N + i] = 1;
  }

  auto [rank, det] = GaussElimination(m, N, true);
  if (rank != N) return {};

  vector<vector<mint>> b(N);
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    copy(begin(m[i]) + N, end(m[i]), back_inserter(b[i]));
  }
  return b;
}

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