#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/aplusb" // #include "../../template/template.hpp" // #include "../../misc/rng.hpp" #include "../../modint/arbitrary-modint.hpp" using namespace Nyaan; using mint = ArbitraryModInt; void test(int m) { mint::set_mod(m); mint x = 1; int y = 1; rep(loop, TEN(3)) { int z = randint(0, 2 * TEN(9)); if (rng() & 1) z = -z; x *= z; y = 1LL * y * z % m; if (y < 0) y += m; assert(x.x == y); } Barrett barrett(m); // m!=1 で正しく動作するはず if (m != 1) { rep(loop, TEN(3)) { u64 i = rng(); auto [quo, rem] = barrett.quorem(i); assert(quo == barrett.quo(i)); assert(rem == barrett.rem(i)); i64 quo2 = i / m; i64 rem2 = i % m; assert(quo == quo2); assert(rem == rem2); } } rep(loop, TEN(3)) { int p = randint(0, m); long long e = randint(0, 10); mint r1 = mint{p}.pow(e); int r2 = barrett.pow(p, e); /* if (r1.get() != r2) { cerr << p << " " << e << " " << m << endl; cerr << r1 << " " << r2 << endl; } */ assert(r1.get() == r2); } } void Nyaan::solve() { int mod_max = (1LL << 30) - 1; rep1(m, 10) test(m); test(998244353); test(1000000007); rep(t, 10) test(mod_max - t); rep(i, TEN(4)) test(randint(1, mod_max + 1)); cerr << "OK" << endl; int a, b; cin >> a >> b; cout << a + b << endl; }
#line 1 "verify/verify-unit-test/barrett-reduction.test.cpp" #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/aplusb" // #line 2 "template/template.hpp" using namespace std; // intrinstic #include <immintrin.h> #include <algorithm> #include <array> #include <bitset> #include <cassert> #include <cctype> #include <cfenv> #include <cfloat> #include <chrono> #include <cinttypes> #include <climits> #include <cmath> #include <complex> #include <cstdarg> #include <cstddef> #include <cstdint> #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> #include <deque> #include <fstream> #include <functional> #include <initializer_list> #include <iomanip> #include <ios> #include <iostream> #include <istream> #include <iterator> #include <limits> #include <list> #include <map> #include <memory> #include <new> #include <numeric> #include <ostream> #include <queue> #include <random> #include <set> #include <sstream> #include <stack> #include <streambuf> #include <string> #include <tuple> #include <type_traits> #include <typeinfo> #include <unordered_map> #include <unordered_set> #include <utility> #include <vector> // utility #line 1 "template/util.hpp" namespace Nyaan { using ll = long long; using i64 = long long; using u64 = unsigned long long; using i128 = __int128_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; template <typename T> using V = vector<T>; template <typename T> using VV = vector<vector<T>>; using vi = vector<int>; using vl = vector<long long>; using vd = V<double>; using vs = V<string>; using vvi = vector<vector<int>>; using vvl = vector<vector<long long>>; template <typename T> using minpq = priority_queue<T, vector<T>, greater<T>>; template <typename T, typename U> struct P : pair<T, U> { template <typename... Args> P(Args... args) : pair<T, U>(args...) {} using pair<T, U>::first; using pair<T, U>::second; P &operator+=(const P &r) { first += r.first; second += r.second; return *this; } P &operator-=(const P &r) { first -= r.first; second -= r.second; return *this; } P &operator*=(const P &r) { first *= r.first; second *= r.second; return *this; } template <typename S> P &operator*=(const S &r) { first *= r, second *= r; return *this; } P operator+(const P &r) const { return P(*this) += r; } P operator-(const P &r) const { return P(*this) -= r; } P operator*(const P &r) const { return P(*this) *= r; } template <typename S> P operator*(const S &r) const { return P(*this) *= r; } P operator-() const { return P{-first, -second}; } }; using pl = P<ll, ll>; using pi = P<int, int>; using vp = V<pl>; constexpr int inf = 1001001001; constexpr long long infLL = 4004004004004004004LL; template <typename T> int sz(const T &t) { return t.size(); } template <typename T, typename U> inline bool amin(T &x, U y) { return (y < x) ? (x = y, true) : false; } template <typename T, typename U> inline bool amax(T &x, U y) { return (x < y) ? (x = y, true) : false; } template <typename T> inline T Max(const vector<T> &v) { return *max_element(begin(v), end(v)); } template <typename T> inline T Min(const vector<T> &v) { return *min_element(begin(v), end(v)); } template <typename T> inline long long Sum(const vector<T> &v) { return accumulate(begin(v), end(v), 0LL); } template <typename T> int lb(const vector<T> &v, const T &a) { return lower_bound(begin(v), end(v), a) - begin(v); } template <typename T> int ub(const vector<T> &v, const T &a) { return upper_bound(begin(v), end(v), a) - begin(v); } constexpr long long TEN(int n) { long long ret = 1, x = 10; for (; n; x *= x, n >>= 1) ret *= (n & 1 ? x : 1); return ret; } template <typename T, typename U> pair<T, U> mkp(const T &t, const U &u) { return make_pair(t, u); } template <typename T> vector<T> mkrui(const vector<T> &v, bool rev = false) { vector<T> ret(v.size() + 1); if (rev) { for (int i = int(v.size()) - 1; i >= 0; i--) ret[i] = v[i] + ret[i + 1]; } else { for (int i = 0; i < int(v.size()); i++) ret[i + 1] = ret[i] + v[i]; } return ret; }; template <typename T> vector<T> mkuni(const vector<T> &v) { vector<T> ret(v); sort(ret.begin(), ret.end()); ret.erase(unique(ret.begin(), ret.end()), ret.end()); return ret; } template <typename F> vector<int> mkord(int N, F f) { vector<int> ord(N); iota(begin(ord), end(ord), 0); sort(begin(ord), end(ord), f); return ord; } template <typename T> vector<int> mkinv(vector<T> &v) { int max_val = *max_element(begin(v), end(v)); vector<int> inv(max_val + 1, -1); for (int i = 0; i < (int)v.size(); i++) inv[v[i]] = i; return inv; } vector<int> mkiota(int n) { vector<int> ret(n); iota(begin(ret), end(ret), 0); return ret; } template <typename T> T mkrev(const T &v) { T w{v}; reverse(begin(w), end(w)); return w; } template <typename T> bool nxp(vector<T> &v) { return next_permutation(begin(v), end(v)); } // 返り値の型は入力の T に依存 // i 要素目 : [0, a[i]) template <typename T> vector<vector<T>> product(const vector<T> &a) { vector<vector<T>> ret; vector<T> v; auto dfs = [&](auto rc, int i) -> void { if (i == (int)a.size()) { ret.push_back(v); return; } for (int j = 0; j < a[i]; j++) v.push_back(j), rc(rc, i + 1), v.pop_back(); }; dfs(dfs, 0); return ret; } // F : function(void(T&)), mod を取る操作 // T : 整数型のときはオーバーフローに注意する template <typename T> T Power(T a, long long n, const T &I, const function<void(T &)> &f) { T res = I; for (; n; f(a = a * a), n >>= 1) { if (n & 1) f(res = res * a); } return res; } // T : 整数型のときはオーバーフローに注意する template <typename T> T Power(T a, long long n, const T &I) { return Power(a, n, I, function<void(T &)>{[](T &) -> void {}}); } } // namespace Nyaan #line 58 "template/template.hpp" // bit operation #line 1 "template/bitop.hpp" namespace Nyaan { __attribute__((target("popcnt"))) inline int popcnt(const u64 &a) { return _mm_popcnt_u64(a); } inline int lsb(const u64 &a) { return a ? __builtin_ctzll(a) : 64; } inline int ctz(const u64 &a) { return a ? __builtin_ctzll(a) : 64; } inline int msb(const u64 &a) { return a ? 63 - __builtin_clzll(a) : -1; } template <typename T> inline int gbit(const T &a, int i) { return (a >> i) & 1; } template <typename T> inline void sbit(T &a, int i, bool b) { if (gbit(a, i) != b) a ^= T(1) << i; } constexpr long long PW(int n) { return 1LL << n; } constexpr long long MSK(int n) { return (1LL << n) - 1; } } // namespace Nyaan #line 61 "template/template.hpp" // inout #line 1 "template/inout.hpp" namespace Nyaan { template <typename T, typename U> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair<T, U> &p) { os << p.first << " " << p.second; return os; } template <typename T, typename U> istream &operator>>(istream &is, pair<T, U> &p) { is >> p.first >> p.second; return is; } template <typename T> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector<T> &v) { int s = (int)v.size(); for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) os << (i ? " " : "") << v[i]; return os; } template <typename T> istream &operator>>(istream &is, vector<T> &v) { for (auto &x : v) is >> x; return is; } istream &operator>>(istream &is, __int128_t &x) { string S; is >> S; x = 0; int flag = 0; for (auto &c : S) { if (c == '-') { flag = true; continue; } x *= 10; x += c - '0'; } if (flag) x = -x; return is; } istream &operator>>(istream &is, __uint128_t &x) { string S; is >> S; x = 0; for (auto &c : S) { x *= 10; x += c - '0'; } return is; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, __int128_t x) { if (x == 0) return os << 0; if (x < 0) os << '-', x = -x; string S; while (x) S.push_back('0' + x % 10), x /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); return os << S; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, __uint128_t x) { if (x == 0) return os << 0; string S; while (x) S.push_back('0' + x % 10), x /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); return os << S; } void in() {} template <typename T, class... U> void in(T &t, U &...u) { cin >> t; in(u...); } void out() { cout << "\n"; } template <typename T, class... U, char sep = ' '> void out(const T &t, const U &...u) { cout << t; if (sizeof...(u)) cout << sep; out(u...); } struct IoSetupNya { IoSetupNya() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(15); cerr << fixed << setprecision(7); } } iosetupnya; } // namespace Nyaan #line 64 "template/template.hpp" // debug #line 1 "template/debug.hpp" namespace DebugImpl { template <typename U, typename = void> struct is_specialize : false_type {}; template <typename U> struct is_specialize< U, typename conditional<false, typename U::iterator, void>::type> : true_type {}; template <typename U> struct is_specialize< U, typename conditional<false, decltype(U::first), void>::type> : true_type {}; template <typename U> struct is_specialize<U, enable_if_t<is_integral<U>::value, void>> : true_type { }; void dump(const char& t) { cerr << t; } void dump(const string& t) { cerr << t; } void dump(const bool& t) { cerr << (t ? "true" : "false"); } void dump(__int128_t t) { if (t == 0) cerr << 0; if (t < 0) cerr << '-', t = -t; string S; while (t) S.push_back('0' + t % 10), t /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); cerr << S; } void dump(__uint128_t t) { if (t == 0) cerr << 0; string S; while (t) S.push_back('0' + t % 10), t /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); cerr << S; } template <typename U, enable_if_t<!is_specialize<U>::value, nullptr_t> = nullptr> void dump(const U& t) { cerr << t; } template <typename T> void dump(const T& t, enable_if_t<is_integral<T>::value>* = nullptr) { string res; if (t == Nyaan::inf) res = "inf"; if constexpr (is_signed<T>::value) { if (t == -Nyaan::inf) res = "-inf"; } if constexpr (sizeof(T) == 8) { if (t == Nyaan::infLL) res = "inf"; if constexpr (is_signed<T>::value) { if (t == -Nyaan::infLL) res = "-inf"; } } if (res.empty()) res = to_string(t); cerr << res; } template <typename T, typename U> void dump(const pair<T, U>&); template <typename T> void dump(const pair<T*, int>&); template <typename T> void dump(const T& t, enable_if_t<!is_void<typename T::iterator>::value>* = nullptr) { cerr << "[ "; for (auto it = t.begin(); it != t.end();) { dump(*it); cerr << (++it == t.end() ? "" : ", "); } cerr << " ]"; } template <typename T, typename U> void dump(const pair<T, U>& t) { cerr << "( "; dump(t.first); cerr << ", "; dump(t.second); cerr << " )"; } template <typename T> void dump(const pair<T*, int>& t) { cerr << "[ "; for (int i = 0; i < t.second; i++) { dump(t.first[i]); cerr << (i == t.second - 1 ? "" : ", "); } cerr << " ]"; } void trace() { cerr << endl; } template <typename Head, typename... Tail> void trace(Head&& head, Tail&&... tail) { cerr << " "; dump(head); if (sizeof...(tail) != 0) cerr << ","; trace(forward<Tail>(tail)...); } } // namespace DebugImpl #ifdef NyaanDebug #define trc(...) \ do { \ cerr << "## " << #__VA_ARGS__ << " = "; \ DebugImpl::trace(__VA_ARGS__); \ } while (0) #else #define trc(...) (void(0)) #endif #ifdef NyaanLocal #define trc2(...) \ do { \ cerr << "## " << #__VA_ARGS__ << " = "; \ DebugImpl::trace(__VA_ARGS__); \ } while (0) #else #define trc2(...) (void(0)) #endif #line 67 "template/template.hpp" // macro #line 1 "template/macro.hpp" #define each(x, v) for (auto&& x : v) #define each2(x, y, v) for (auto&& [x, y] : v) #define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end() #define rep(i, N) for (long long i = 0; i < (long long)(N); i++) #define repr(i, N) for (long long i = (long long)(N)-1; i >= 0; i--) #define rep1(i, N) for (long long i = 1; i <= (long long)(N); i++) #define repr1(i, N) for (long long i = (N); (long long)(i) > 0; i--) #define reg(i, a, b) for (long long i = (a); i < (b); i++) #define regr(i, a, b) for (long long i = (b)-1; i >= (a); i--) #define fi first #define se second #define ini(...) \ int __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define inl(...) \ long long __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define ins(...) \ string __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define in2(s, t) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i]); \ } #define in3(s, t, u) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i], u[i]); \ } #define in4(s, t, u, v) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i], u[i], v[i]); \ } #define die(...) \ do { \ Nyaan::out(__VA_ARGS__); \ return; \ } while (0) #line 70 "template/template.hpp" namespace Nyaan { void solve(); } int main() { Nyaan::solve(); } #line 4 "verify/verify-unit-test/barrett-reduction.test.cpp" // #line 2 "misc/rng.hpp" #line 2 "internal/internal-seed.hpp" #line 4 "internal/internal-seed.hpp" using namespace std; namespace internal { unsigned long long non_deterministic_seed() { unsigned long long m = chrono::duration_cast<chrono::nanoseconds>( chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()) .count(); m ^= 9845834732710364265uLL; m ^= m << 24, m ^= m >> 31, m ^= m << 35; return m; } unsigned long long deterministic_seed() { return 88172645463325252UL; } // 64 bit の seed 値を生成 (手元では seed 固定) // 連続で呼び出すと同じ値が何度も返ってくるので注意 // #define RANDOMIZED_SEED するとシードがランダムになる unsigned long long seed() { #if defined(NyaanLocal) && !defined(RANDOMIZED_SEED) return deterministic_seed(); #else return non_deterministic_seed(); #endif } } // namespace internal #line 4 "misc/rng.hpp" namespace my_rand { using i64 = long long; using u64 = unsigned long long; // [0, 2^64 - 1) u64 rng() { static u64 _x = internal::seed(); return _x ^= _x << 7, _x ^= _x >> 9; } // [l, r] i64 rng(i64 l, i64 r) { assert(l <= r); return l + rng() % u64(r - l + 1); } // [l, r) i64 randint(i64 l, i64 r) { assert(l < r); return l + rng() % u64(r - l); } // choose n numbers from [l, r) without overlapping vector<i64> randset(i64 l, i64 r, i64 n) { assert(l <= r && n <= r - l); unordered_set<i64> s; for (i64 i = n; i; --i) { i64 m = randint(l, r + 1 - i); if (s.find(m) != s.end()) m = r - i; s.insert(m); } vector<i64> ret; for (auto& x : s) ret.push_back(x); return ret; } // [0.0, 1.0) double rnd() { return rng() * 5.42101086242752217004e-20; } // [l, r) double rnd(double l, double r) { assert(l < r); return l + rnd() * (r - l); } template <typename T> void randshf(vector<T>& v) { int n = v.size(); for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) swap(v[i], v[randint(0, i + 1)]); } } // namespace my_rand using my_rand::randint; using my_rand::randset; using my_rand::randshf; using my_rand::rnd; using my_rand::rng; #line 2 "modint/arbitrary-modint.hpp" #line 2 "modint/barrett-reduction.hpp" #line 4 "modint/barrett-reduction.hpp" using namespace std; struct Barrett { using u32 = unsigned int; using i64 = long long; using u64 = unsigned long long; u32 m; u64 im; Barrett() : m(), im() {} Barrett(int n) : m(n), im(u64(-1) / m + 1) {} constexpr inline i64 quo(u64 n) { u64 x = u64((__uint128_t(n) * im) >> 64); u32 r = n - x * m; return m <= r ? x - 1 : x; } constexpr inline i64 rem(u64 n) { u64 x = u64((__uint128_t(n) * im) >> 64); u32 r = n - x * m; return m <= r ? r + m : r; } constexpr inline pair<i64, int> quorem(u64 n) { u64 x = u64((__uint128_t(n) * im) >> 64); u32 r = n - x * m; if (m <= r) return {x - 1, r + m}; return {x, r}; } constexpr inline i64 pow(u64 n, i64 p) { u32 a = rem(n), r = m == 1 ? 0 : 1; while (p) { if (p & 1) r = rem(u64(r) * a); a = rem(u64(a) * a); p >>= 1; } return r; } }; #line 4 "modint/arbitrary-modint.hpp" template <int id> struct ArbitraryModIntBase { int x; ArbitraryModIntBase() : x(0) {} ArbitraryModIntBase(int64_t y) { int z = y % get_mod(); if (z < 0) z += get_mod(); x = z; } ArbitraryModIntBase &operator+=(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) { if ((x += p.x) >= get_mod()) x -= get_mod(); return *this; } ArbitraryModIntBase &operator-=(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) { if ((x += get_mod() - p.x) >= get_mod()) x -= get_mod(); return *this; } ArbitraryModIntBase &operator*=(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) { x = rem((unsigned long long)x * p.x); return *this; } ArbitraryModIntBase &operator/=(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) { *this *= p.inverse(); return *this; } ArbitraryModIntBase operator-() const { return ArbitraryModIntBase(-x); } ArbitraryModIntBase operator+() const { return *this; } ArbitraryModIntBase operator+(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) const { return ArbitraryModIntBase(*this) += p; } ArbitraryModIntBase operator-(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) const { return ArbitraryModIntBase(*this) -= p; } ArbitraryModIntBase operator*(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) const { return ArbitraryModIntBase(*this) *= p; } ArbitraryModIntBase operator/(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) const { return ArbitraryModIntBase(*this) /= p; } bool operator==(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) const { return x == p.x; } bool operator!=(const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) const { return x != p.x; } ArbitraryModIntBase inverse() const { int a = x, b = get_mod(), u = 1, v = 0, t; while (b > 0) { t = a / b; swap(a -= t * b, b); swap(u -= t * v, v); } return ArbitraryModIntBase(u); } ArbitraryModIntBase pow(int64_t n) const { ArbitraryModIntBase ret(1), mul(x); while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) ret *= mul; mul *= mul; n >>= 1; } return ret; } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const ArbitraryModIntBase &p) { return os << p.x; } friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, ArbitraryModIntBase &a) { int64_t t; is >> t; a = ArbitraryModIntBase(t); return (is); } int get() const { return x; } inline unsigned int rem(unsigned long long p) { return barrett().rem(p); } static inline Barrett &barrett() { static Barrett b; return b; } static inline int &get_mod() { static int mod = 0; return mod; } static void set_mod(int md) { assert(0 < md && md <= (1LL << 30) - 1); get_mod() = md; barrett() = Barrett(md); } }; using ArbitraryModInt = ArbitraryModIntBase<-1>; /** * @brief modint (2^{30} 未満の任意 mod 用) */ #line 7 "verify/verify-unit-test/barrett-reduction.test.cpp" using namespace Nyaan; using mint = ArbitraryModInt; void test(int m) { mint::set_mod(m); mint x = 1; int y = 1; rep(loop, TEN(3)) { int z = randint(0, 2 * TEN(9)); if (rng() & 1) z = -z; x *= z; y = 1LL * y * z % m; if (y < 0) y += m; assert(x.x == y); } Barrett barrett(m); // m!=1 で正しく動作するはず if (m != 1) { rep(loop, TEN(3)) { u64 i = rng(); auto [quo, rem] = barrett.quorem(i); assert(quo == barrett.quo(i)); assert(rem == barrett.rem(i)); i64 quo2 = i / m; i64 rem2 = i % m; assert(quo == quo2); assert(rem == rem2); } } rep(loop, TEN(3)) { int p = randint(0, m); long long e = randint(0, 10); mint r1 = mint{p}.pow(e); int r2 = barrett.pow(p, e); /* if (r1.get() != r2) { cerr << p << " " << e << " " << m << endl; cerr << r1 << " " << r2 << endl; } */ assert(r1.get() == r2); } } void Nyaan::solve() { int mod_max = (1LL << 30) - 1; rep1(m, 10) test(m); test(998244353); test(1000000007); rep(t, 10) test(mod_max - t); rep(i, TEN(4)) test(randint(1, mod_max + 1)); cerr << "OK" << endl; int a, b; cin >> a >> b; cout << a + b << endl; }