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:heavy_check_mark: 根付き木・逆辺からなる木への変換
(tree/convert-tree.hpp)

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#pragma once

#include "../graph/graph-template.hpp"

template <typename T>
struct has_cost {
 private:
  template <typename U>
  static auto confirm(U u) -> decltype(u.cost, std::true_type());
  static auto confirm(...) -> std::false_type;

 public:
  enum : bool { value = decltype(confirm(std::declval<T>()))::value };
};

template <typename T>
vector<vector<T>> inverse_tree(const vector<vector<T>>& g) {
  int N = (int)g.size();
  vector<vector<T>> rg(N);
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    for (auto& e : g[i]) {
      if constexpr (is_same<T, int>::value) {
        rg[e].push_back(i);
      } else if constexpr (has_cost<T>::value) {
        rg[e].emplace_back(e.to, i, e.cost);
      } else {
        assert(0);
      }
    }
  }
  return rg;
}

template <typename T>
vector<vector<T>> rooted_tree(const vector<vector<T>>& g, int root = 0) {
  int N = (int)g.size();
  vector<vector<T>> rg(N);
  vector<char> v(N, false);
  v[root] = true;
  queue<int> que;
  que.emplace(root);
  while (!que.empty()) {
    auto p = que.front();
    que.pop();
    for (auto& e : g[p]) {
      if (v[e] == false) {
        v[e] = true;
        que.push(e);
        rg[p].push_back(e);
      }
    }
  }
  return rg;
}

/**
 * @brief 根付き木・逆辺からなる木への変換
 */
#line 2 "tree/convert-tree.hpp"

#line 2 "graph/graph-template.hpp"

template <typename T>
struct edge {
  int src, to;
  T cost;

  edge(int _to, T _cost) : src(-1), to(_to), cost(_cost) {}
  edge(int _src, int _to, T _cost) : src(_src), to(_to), cost(_cost) {}

  edge &operator=(const int &x) {
    to = x;
    return *this;
  }

  operator int() const { return to; }
};
template <typename T>
using Edges = vector<edge<T>>;
template <typename T>
using WeightedGraph = vector<Edges<T>>;
using UnweightedGraph = vector<vector<int>>;

// Input of (Unweighted) Graph
UnweightedGraph graph(int N, int M = -1, bool is_directed = false,
                      bool is_1origin = true) {
  UnweightedGraph g(N);
  if (M == -1) M = N - 1;
  for (int _ = 0; _ < M; _++) {
    int x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;
    if (is_1origin) x--, y--;
    g[x].push_back(y);
    if (!is_directed) g[y].push_back(x);
  }
  return g;
}

// Input of Weighted Graph
template <typename T>
WeightedGraph<T> wgraph(int N, int M = -1, bool is_directed = false,
                        bool is_1origin = true) {
  WeightedGraph<T> g(N);
  if (M == -1) M = N - 1;
  for (int _ = 0; _ < M; _++) {
    int x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;
    T c;
    cin >> c;
    if (is_1origin) x--, y--;
    g[x].emplace_back(x, y, c);
    if (!is_directed) g[y].emplace_back(y, x, c);
  }
  return g;
}

// Input of Edges
template <typename T>
Edges<T> esgraph(int N, int M, int is_weighted = true, bool is_1origin = true) {
  Edges<T> es;
  for (int _ = 0; _ < M; _++) {
    int x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;
    T c;
    if (is_weighted)
      cin >> c;
    else
      c = 1;
    if (is_1origin) x--, y--;
    es.emplace_back(x, y, c);
  }
  return es;
}

// Input of Adjacency Matrix
template <typename T>
vector<vector<T>> adjgraph(int N, int M, T INF, int is_weighted = true,
                           bool is_directed = false, bool is_1origin = true) {
  vector<vector<T>> d(N, vector<T>(N, INF));
  for (int _ = 0; _ < M; _++) {
    int x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;
    T c;
    if (is_weighted)
      cin >> c;
    else
      c = 1;
    if (is_1origin) x--, y--;
    d[x][y] = c;
    if (!is_directed) d[y][x] = c;
  }
  return d;
}

/**
 * @brief グラフテンプレート
 * @docs docs/graph/graph-template.md
 */
#line 4 "tree/convert-tree.hpp"

template <typename T>
struct has_cost {
 private:
  template <typename U>
  static auto confirm(U u) -> decltype(u.cost, std::true_type());
  static auto confirm(...) -> std::false_type;

 public:
  enum : bool { value = decltype(confirm(std::declval<T>()))::value };
};

template <typename T>
vector<vector<T>> inverse_tree(const vector<vector<T>>& g) {
  int N = (int)g.size();
  vector<vector<T>> rg(N);
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    for (auto& e : g[i]) {
      if constexpr (is_same<T, int>::value) {
        rg[e].push_back(i);
      } else if constexpr (has_cost<T>::value) {
        rg[e].emplace_back(e.to, i, e.cost);
      } else {
        assert(0);
      }
    }
  }
  return rg;
}

template <typename T>
vector<vector<T>> rooted_tree(const vector<vector<T>>& g, int root = 0) {
  int N = (int)g.size();
  vector<vector<T>> rg(N);
  vector<char> v(N, false);
  v[root] = true;
  queue<int> que;
  que.emplace(root);
  while (!que.empty()) {
    auto p = que.front();
    que.pop();
    for (auto& e : g[p]) {
      if (v[e] == false) {
        v[e] = true;
        que.push(e);
        rg[p].push_back(e);
      }
    }
  }
  return rg;
}

/**
 * @brief 根付き木・逆辺からなる木への変換
 */
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